Carbureting device



H. E. M CRAY GARBURETING DEVI CE April 14, 1925.

Filed Sept. 6, 1921 Invent-or dag/s I Hann /5W 47 addition of heat Patented Apr. 14, 1925.

UNITED ,STATES HAROLD E. MOORAY, OF WATERLOO, IOWA. ASSIGNOH TO WATERLOO GASOLINE Ell- GINE COMPANY, OF WATERLOO, IOWA.

GARIBURETING DEVICE.

application filed September 6, 1921. Serial No. 499,008.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HAROLD E. MOCRAY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Waterloo in the county of Black Hawk and State Iowa, have invented a certain new and useful Carbureting Device, of

which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a practical structure whereby the fuel mixture su plied to the cylinders of an internal corn ustion engine may be subjected to heat supplied by the exhaust gases from the engine during .the time the engine is working on partial load and consequent reduced compression, but when the load is increased to a point where the compression and heat therefrom is sufiicient to vaporize the fuel within the cylinders, the fuel mixture will not be subjected to the heat of the 29 exhaust gases but will be supplied directly to the intake manifold and cyl nders. My invention is designed for use in carbureting fuels, especially the heavier fuels such as kerosene, 95 used to advantage with any suitable hydrocarbon fuel.

' The usual practice has heretofore been to add heat to the mixture of where the heavier fuels are used to assist thin the vaporization of such heavier fuels,

it being found impossible with the ordinary engine to satisfactorily generate-suflicient heat inside the cylinders to va o'rize the incoming mixture for all spec sand loads.

are is an objection, however, to preheating the mixture, to the mixture. before it enters the engine cylinders'eipands the mixture approximately in proportionto its absolute temperatures before and after the application of such heat. It is therefore impossible to attain the same volumetric efiiciency at full load where the mixture is preheated that would be possible if the mixture was taken in cold, There is further ob'ection to preheating the fuel mixture at full load and full compression, in that the high temperature of the incoming charge is apt to be raised by the heat of compression to a point where self ignition or detonation occurs. I have discovered that there is suiiicient heat generated in the engine cylinders to vaporize the charge of heavy fuel and air forth, t

distillate, ,etc., but may be fuel and air,

for it is evident that the without the addition of outside heat, when t e engine is running at from about onethird full load to two-thirds full load (this figure varying for different en ine desi 3g and on up to full load. Belhw. the Er a mentioned it is impossible to properly vaporize the charge in the cylinder without preheating.

It is therefore my object, above set 0 provide means mixture of flilel and fair bl b engine 0 in or re era eu 'ectin such miz ture td the heat of the J g gases, until such time as the throttle is opened and the compression increased to a point where the heat therefrom combined with the heat of the inner walls of the engirfe cylinder, is suflicient to properly va rizd the char e inside the cylinders. t' is understood tfiat where the heavier fuels are used, the engine will be started and operated a short time with gasoline to warm the manifold and cylinder walls.

It is also the purpose of my device to roduce such a structure having parts ad ust able so that the preheating can be regulated and gradually increased or reduced, and may be entirely cut off at full load maximum power is required.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of the device, whereby thenh'ectscontemplated are attainedmsiiereina r more full set ferthfpointed out in my claims, an illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows a side elevation of an intake and exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine equipped with a device embodying my invention, in vertical cross section.

Figure'2 shows a side elevation of part of the device, taken from the side opposite to thatillustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 3"shows a horizontal sectional view taken on the line i -30f Figure 2, and

Figure 4 coil. r

In the accompanying drawings I have used the reference numeral 10 to indicate or reheat the on its wai tg the generally the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine of the plural cylinder type, with the twin inlet tubes or ports 19'.

or when exhaust shows an elevation of the heating Adjacent to the intake manifold 10 is the exhaust manifold 11, from which extends the exhaust pipe 12.

Connected to the intake manifold 10 is a tubular passage 13, which may be connected by means of a pipe 14: with an ordinary carburetor l5.

Arranged in the exhaust pipe 12 is a c lindrical hollow casing 16, preferably ma e in two halves longitudinally divided and arranged to be connected together by means of bolts extended through pairs of adjacent flan es 17.

l\ onnted in the casing 16 is a heating coil 18, from the lower end oi which extends a tube, 19 leading to and communicating with the passage 13. From the uppei end ot' the coil 18 a tube 20 leads to and communicater; with the passage 13 at. a point above the tube 19. The tubes 19 and 20 with the coil 18 together form a by-pass which conimunieates with the passage 13 at separated points between which is the main valve hereinafter described.

Mounted within the passage i is a main valve 21, preferably of the butterfly type, the stem 22 0t which extenrls through the walls of the passage 13. On the stem 2,2

of the valve 21 is an arm 23, to which 1s.

connected 2. spring 24 for normally yieldingly holding the valve 21 in a position to close the passage 13. The valve 21 is preferably so arranged that the upwardly passing mixture strikes against it when it is closed, and is deflected toward the opening into the tube 19, as illustrated in Figure 1. 0n the stem 22 is another arm 25, in

which is a slot 26, said arm being preferably integralwith the arm 23. 1

1n the tube 19 is mounted a by-pass valve 27, preferably of the butterfly type, by

, means of a stem 25) which extends through the walls of the tube 19 and has on its outer end an arm 28. Pivotally connected with the arm 28 is a link 30, oneend of which is bent and extends'th-rough the slot 26, as illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3, thus forming alost motion connection between the valves 21' and 27.

The :parts' are so arranged that when the valve 21 is held in closed position by means of the spring 24,'t.he valve 27 may be either opened or closed without changing the valve 21 from its closed position.

Connected with the arm 25 is an actuat-- ing device in the form of a. control rod 31, connected to the hand or foot throttle or governor, depending uponlhe installation and control ofthe engine. The arm 28 has a plurality of holes 32 to selectively receive the bent end of the lixik30 whereby an adjustment of theparts may be had.

In the practical operation of :my improved device the rod 31 is actuated for -na a a wfii brake teammat or governor, or other suitable means, during the starting and operation of the en giuc. The movement of'the link 30 during the opening movement of the valve 27 has no etlrct on the valve 21, for the reason that the bent end of the link 30 travels in the slot 26 a sutlicie'nt distance during such opening without affecting the valve 21.. After starting the pngine, it may be operated up to one-third to two-thirds load with the valve 121 closed, depending upon the design oi the engine, and size of the passage 19. During such operation the incoming fuel mixture travels through the tube 19, the coil 18 and the tube 20, and thence to the intake manifold. The mixture is thoroughly heated in the tube 18 by the downwardly passing exhaust gases.

When more )ower is required the rod 31 may be move toward the arm 25 far enough to cause said arm to be moved, thereby partly opening the valve 21 and allowing a part of the incoming mixture to pass directly to the intake manifold 10,

without passing through the passage 19', the coil 18 and the passage 20.

It will be seen that by means of the actu ating device 31 the by-pass valve 27 and the main valve 21 may be opened in succession in the order named, and that a 0on siderable variety of adjustments of the valves 21 and 27 may be had. The valve 21 may be left partly open, and the valve 27 may be left partly open. When the engine is at or near full load and the heat, in the cylinder is suflicient to vaporize the char e taken into the cylinder, the valve 21 may e moved to fully opened position, whereupon the valve 27 will have been moved substantially a quarter turn from its position shown in Figure 1, and to'its second closed position, "whereupon the full charge will pass directly through the tubular passage 13 to the', intake manifold. without going through t e heating coil.

'It will; e noted that by selectively connecting the link 30 with the arm 28 by using different holes 32, a great variety of adjustments of the parts may be secured.

In the operation of my invention the valves described may be actuated for gradually opening. the passage through the heating tube or coil so that the fuel mixture is heated by the exhaust gases before passing the intake manifold and thence to the cylinders. Then there comes a time in the oplUt) eration of the valves when part of the fuel will pass directly from the carburetor through the passage 13 to the intake manifold without being preheated. Further operations of the valves result in the gradual cltaai'no; ofthe passages into the heating tubes and the'consequentreduction oi the amount of fuel mixture that is preheatedand the Increase of the amount of fuelmix essuoo ture that is supplied directly from the carburetor to the intake manifold. i

It is apparent fr-un the foregoing that my invention has. several advantages in the Fun uoved-carburetiou of thefuel for lnleru ae'diiihustiou engines.

With niyihvrntion it is ossible to grt smooth and uniform. as all economical operation at low load or art load; and to 'get similar smooth operat on and economieel o oration and also maximum power at full and in a greater degree than is possible with the ordinary carbureting apparatus, and especially c where the heavier ades of fuel are employed.

It is also ap arent tlmtiwith my invention it is possible to carry a higher compression in the cylinder, -with oonse uent increasein power and economy and wit out described but also such modifications or mechanical equivalents as may be included within the scope of my claims, without dcparting from the essential spirit of the invention.

' I claim as my. invention: v

1-. An apparatus for supplying fuel to the cylinder of an internal combustion eninc, comprising a fuel supply passage ving direct communication \vith the cylindex an exhadst passngeleading from said --cyl-inder,' i"'b pass connectedat its ends connection with said fue supply passage at so aratcd points, and intermediatoly passing t rough said exhaust passage, 11 main valve in said fuel supply assage between the points of therewith of said by-pass, for controlling the flow of gas through said supply passe c, a valve in said byas for regulating t e flow of es thcret'rough, and means connected wit said valves and operable to open or close said main valve and to regulate the flow of gas through suid by-pass while the How of gas directly to the cylinder through said -fuel supply pussugy; is cut oil.

a, an apparatus xor su plying fuel to the cylinder of an iulcrnal couibuslion cu L'ine, coInpiisua g a fuel supply passnpn having direct communication with tho cvl indcr, an exhaust passage lending from soul cyl nder. a bypas cnnncclcil at its fillllfi ith said in l supp' passage ut separated P'lllllfi. and iulr-lui mainly passing through sup] "xhnusi pzusugr, :1 main valvu in soul having direct commurucatiou wit fuel supply assagc between the points of connection herewith of said by-pass, for controlling the (low of gas through said supply passe c, a valve in said byass for regulating t e How of as therethrough and means connected wit saidvalves an operable to adjust the lay-pass valve to regu ate the flow of gas through said lay-pass while the [low of gas direct y to the cylinder through said fuel supply passage iscut oil, and to open said mam valve and close said bypass valve when said fuel supply passage is fully o n.

3. An apparatus or supplying fuel to the cylinder of an intgrl'nlal compustion ongum, com rising a a su assa e lmvin direct communicatidii vvifh the cylin er, an exhaust passage leading from said cylinder, a b -pass connected at its ends with said fue supply passage at separated points, and interme tely passing through said exhaust passage, a. main valve in said fuel supply passage between the ends of said hy-pass,'said valve being able to wholly or partially close and 53:1 supplyrpassagc, a valve in said by as ad justable to vary the effective area 0 the bypass and means, compris' a lost motion connection between said va ves operable to adjust said byass valve while said main valve remains clbsed.

4. An apparatus for supplying fuel to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, comprising a fuel 'suppl assa e t e cy indcr, an exhaust passage leading from said cylinder, a b -pass connected at its ends with said iue supply passage at so arated points, and intermediately passing t ough said exhaust passage, 1:. main valve in said fuel supply passage between the ends of said by-p" 5, said valve being operable to wholly or artially close said fuel assnge, a valve in said ivy-pass ad'u a e lndcpenderilly of said main valve 0 vary the efl'ectia e area of the byass, and a single actuating devicc op'eralile to upon said bypass and main valves in stcoession in the order named.

17. An apparatus for supplying fuel to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, comprising' a fuel supply passa e having direct communication with the cy iudcr. an uxhaust passage leading from said cylinder, a bypass connected at its ends with said fuel supply passage at separated points, and intclmcdiatoly passing through i said exhaust passage, a mum valve in said fuel supply passage between .thc ends of said hy-pnSS, said valve being operable to wholly or partially closc said fuel supply numgc. n valve in suirl hy puss adjustable uul pcml 'uZly of mill Illlllll \ul c to vary ill. Merli arr-u of the bypass. means colizu-llil 'zlh lll'l by pisr alve for actual ing the same, and a lost motion connection between said valves. l

6. An apparatus for supplying fuel to the cylinder of an internal combustion englne, comprising a fuel supply passage having direct communication withtho cylr edelg au exhaust passage leading, from said "eylindel', a by puss connected at its ends with said fuel supply passage at separated points, and intermedialiely passingthrough saicl exhaust passage, a'mein valve in said fuel supply passage between the ends of said lay-pass, said valve being operable to I wholly or partiallyclose said fuel supply pass and main valves in succession and a spring for normally closing the main valve. 20

Des Molnes, Iowa, Aprll'fl, 1919.

HAROLD E. McCRAY.

fuel supply passage between the ends of said by-pass, said valve being operable to wholly or partially'close said fuel sup ly passage, a valve in said bypass adjusta 1e independently of said mam valve to vary the effective area of the liy-pass, a single actuabing de\ice operable to upon said bypass and main valves in succession and a spring for normally closin the main valve. 20

Des Moines, Iowa, A Mi 9, 1919.

HARO JD E. MQCRAY.

Certificate of Correction.

It is herehy eertified thatin Letters Patent No. 1,533,196, granted Harold E. McCray, in Carbureting Devices, errors appear in upon theayplication of rection as. follows: Page 1, line 45,

claim 6, after the wol'iii succession for the word was msert the words in Aprill4, 1925, of Vaterloo, Iowa, for an improvement the printed specification requiring corread were; page 4, line 19, the order named; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this [sun] 26th day of May, A. D. 1925.

y KARL FENNING. Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Certificate of Correction.

It. is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,533,196, granted April 14, 1925, upon Lhoayplication of Harold E. McCray, of Waterloo, Iowa, for an improvement in (Iarhu'reting Devices. errors appear in the printed specification requiring correct-ion as follows: Page 1, line 45, for the. word was read were; page 4, line 19, claim 6, after the wol'ii succession insert the words in the order mimed; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the ease in the Patent Ollie-e.

Signed and sealed this 26th day of May, A. D. 1925.

[sEAn] KARL F EN NIN G,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

